Html
Comprehensive documentation for html
HTML Documentation
This guide introduces HTML (HyperText Markup Language) fundamentals, focusing on concepts and best practices for developers using the Codeunia Learn platform.
Overview
HTML is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications. It defines the structure and content of web documents, working alongside CSS for styling and JavaScript for interactivity. HTML5, the latest version, includes semantic elements and multimedia support.
HTML Fundamentals
Document Structure
Every HTML document starts with a <!DOCTYPE html> declaration. The basic structure includes <html>, <head>, and <body> elements.
Elements and Tags
HTML uses tags to mark up content. Elements can be block-level (e.g., <div>, <p>) or inline (e.g., <span>, <a>). Tags are case-insensitive but lowercase is conventional.
Attributes
Attributes provide additional information about elements. Common attributes include id, class, src, href, and alt.
Semantic HTML
Semantic elements like <header>, <nav>, <main>, <article>, <section>, <aside>, <footer> improve accessibility and SEO.
Text Content
Headings (<h1> to <h6>), paragraphs (<p>), lists (<ul>, <ol>, <li>), and text formatting (<strong>, <em>) structure content.
Links and Navigation
The <a> element creates hyperlinks. Relative and absolute URLs are supported.
Images and Multimedia
<img> embeds images. HTML5 introduces <audio>, <video>, and <canvas> for rich media.
Forms
Forms collect user input using elements like <input>, <textarea>, <select>, and <button>. Attributes like type, name, and required control behavior.
Tables
Tables display tabular data using <table>, <tr>, <td>, and <th>. Semantic table elements improve accessibility.
Accessibility
Use ARIA attributes, alt text, and semantic markup to ensure web content is accessible to all users.
HTML5 Features
New elements include <figure>, <figcaption>, <time>, and APIs for geolocation, local storage, and web workers.
Best Practices
Write valid HTML, use semantic elements, ensure accessibility, and optimize for performance.
Validation
Use the W3C Validator to check HTML syntax and structure.
Integration with CSS and JavaScript
HTML provides the structure that CSS styles and JavaScript enhances.
Resources and References
Troubleshooting
Common issues include broken links, missing alt text, and invalid markup. Browser developer tools help debug.
Development Setup
Use a code editor with HTML support, preview in browsers, and test across devices. Version control tracks changes.